Opportunities for Kazakhstan's agricultural exports to the Chinese market
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v11i5.1570Keywords:
agro-food sector of economy, agro-food products, agro exports, export potential, index of the revealed comparative advantage, international tradeAbstract
This research delves into the dynamic relationship between China and Kazakhstan in the realm of agri-food trade, exploring the evolving landscape from 2012 to 2022. China, as the world's second-largest economy, commands a significant share in global agri-food imports, presenting a lucrative opportunity for Kazakhstan. Notably, China represents about 8% of the world's agri-food imports and stands as Kazakhstan's largest trading partner. In 2021, China emerged as one of the top four largest buyers of Kazakh food. This demographic shift has implications for the evolving demand in China's agri-food market and offers an avenue for Kazakhstan to tap into this growing consumer base. Despite being one of Kazakhstan's major trading partners, the country currently holds a modest share of China's agri-food market. The Kazakh government, aligning with China's "Belt and Road" initiative, aspires to double agricultural exports by 2025. Our analysis underscores the growing demand in China's agri-food market and its potential for Kazakhstan. Challenges such as technical disparities, logistical limitations, and institutional constraints are identified, necessitating collaborative solutions. The conclusion emphasizes the need for concrete actions, including technological advancements, infrastructure improvement, and standards harmonization, to enhance Kazakhstan's competitiveness in the Chinese market.
References
Abula K, Abula B, Hu Q, Chen X, Wang D. Research on the High-Quality Development Path of the Cross-Border Agricultural Product Supply Chain between China and Central Asia. Agronomy. 2022; 12(10):2558. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102558
Akhter, S., Mir, M. A. ., & Megits, N. (2022). The linkage between international trade and economic growth in Kazakhstan. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 9(6), 1021–1033. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i6.1019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v9i6.1019
Argyngazinov A. A. (2021). Vneshnjaja torgovlja Kazahstana: sovremennye tendencii i osobennosti jeksporta. Russian Foreign Economic Bulletin ,(6), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.24412/2072-8042-2021-6-23-32
Balassa, B. (1965), Trade Liberalisation and "Revealed" Comparative Advantage. The Manchester School, 33: 99-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1965.tb00050.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1965.tb00050.x
Buyanov, S. (2022). TOP-15 buyers of Kazakh grain in 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2023. https://eldala.kz/rating/9013- top-15-pokupateley-kazahstanskogo-zerna-v-2021-godu
Can, N., Muhyaddin, S., Arabaci, A., Koncak, I., & Keles, I. (2023). Rethinking China: Perceptions from Africa. A survey of Nigeria University students. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 10(5), 871–885. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v10i5.1023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v10i5.1023
Carraresi L, Banterle A. (2015). Agri-food Competitive Performance in E.U. Countries: A Fifteen-Year Retrospective. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. 2015; 18(2), 37–62.
Cherkasova, O.V., Shelamova, N.A., Romashkin, R.A. (2021). Prospects of Russian Exports concerning the Demand for Chinese Agricultural Products. In: Bogoviz, A.V. (eds) The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 205. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73097-0_53 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73097-0_53
Dambaulova, G. K., Lilimberg, S. I., Madin, V. A., & Abdrakhmanova, G. T. (2022). Meta-analysis of the potential of Kazakhstani pork in the global market of meat products: Problems and prospects. Veterinary World, 2705–2714. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2705-2714 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2705-2714
Demchenko, M. (2022). What is the state of agricultural machinery in Kazakhstan? Retrieved March 7, 2023. https://kazpravda.kz/n/v-kakom-sostoyanii-nahoditsya-selhozmashinostroenie-v-kazahstane/
Export Potential Map, International Trade Center, (2021). Available at: https://exportpotential.intracen.org/en/
Farinha, L., Nunes, S., Ferreira, J. J., & Fernandes, A. (2018). Understanding the foundations of global competitive advantage of nations. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 28(5), 503–517. https://doi.org/10.1108/cr-10-2016-0063 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-10-2016-0063
Fan, S. (2021). Economics in food systems. Nat. Food, 2021, 2, 218–219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00266-0
Fane, G. (1995). The Average and Marginal Domestic Resource Cost of Foreign Exchange. Oxford Economic Papers, 47(4), 663–675. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2663548 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042192
Gale, F., Hansen, J. and Jewison, M. (2015). China's Growing Demand for Agricultural Imports, ERS Economic Information Bulletin no. 136 (February 2015) https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/43939/eib-136.pdf?v=42058
Han, S. W. ., Lim, S. S., & Balkibayeva, A. (2022). Productive efficiency and trade opportunities for Kazakhstan dairy farms. Economia Agro-alimentare/Food Economy - Open Access, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2022oa12752 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2022oa12752
Ibyzhanova, A., Sultanova, Z., Aliyeva, Z. T., Tastanbekova, K., Abdibekov, S. U., Mustafayeva, B., & Myrzabekkyzy, K. (2024). The Effect of Energy Production and Foreign Trade on the Economic Growth of Turkic Republics: A Study Using Panel Data Analysis Method. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 14(2), 126–134. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.15589 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.15589
Kahaer Abula , Buwajian Abula , Qingjiang Hu, Xinyu Chen and Dezhen Wang Research on the High-Quality Development Path of the Cross-Border Agricultural Product Supply Chain between China and Central Asia. (2022) Agronomy, 12 (10), art. no. 2558. https://doi:10.3390/agronomy12102558 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102558
Kantarbayeva, S., Kaiyrbayeva, A., Rakhimzhanova, G., & Mykhybayev, M. (2020). On the Development Perspectives of the Kazakhstan Agro-sector. Journal Of Advanced Research In Law And Economics, 11(2), 410 – 419. doi:10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).14
Kuznetsova, N.A.; Ilyina, A.V.; Pukach, G.V. (2018) Razvitie potrebitel'skih sel'skohozjajstvennyh virtual'nyh kooperativov. Bulletin of the Saratov State SocioEconomic University, 2018, No. 5, pp. 71–73. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/677/2/022043 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/677/2/022043
Kuznetsova, N.A.; Ilyina, A.V.; Pukach, G.V. (2018) In the development of consumer agricultural virtual cooperatives. Bulletin of the Saratov State SocioEconomic University, 2018, No. 5, pp. 71–73.
Lee, E. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Impact on Trade Patterns Between China and Central Asia. East Asian Community Review, 185–198 https://doi.org/10.1057/s42215-019-00015-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s42215-019-00015-3
Long, Y., (2021). Export competitiveness of agricultural products and agricultural sustainability in China, Regional Sustainability, Vol. 2, No. 3, 203-210,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsus.2021.09.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsus.2021.09.001
Markowicz I, Baran P. (2019). ICA and ICS-based rankings of E.U. countries according to quality of mirror data on intra-Community trade in goods in the years 2014–2017. Oeconomia Copernicana. 10(1): 55–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2019.003
Megits, N., Neskorodieva, I., & Schuster, J. (2020). Impact assessment of the COVID-19 on trade between Eastern Europe and China. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 7(3), 385–399. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v7i3.579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v7i3.579
Meirambekov, M., & Abdkhodaei, M. (2022). Kazakhstan and China's Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative (SREB); Opportunities and Challenges. Geopolitics Quarterly, 18(67), 199-227. https://journal.iag.ir/article_139081.html?lang=en
Monke, E., Pearson, R.. The Policy Analysis Matrix for Agricultural Development. Cornell University Press, 1989. C. 279. https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/courses/files/03_3_pambook.pdf
Mutaliуeva, A., Yesbolova, A., Dyrka, S., Saparbayev, M., Kazanbayeva, Z., Balabekova, D., Orazova, B. (2023). Formation and History of the Agrarian Economy of Kazakhstan: The State of Development Today. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 12. 401. 10.36941/ajis-2023-0178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2023-0178
National project on the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2021 - 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan on October 12, 2021, № 732 https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P2100000732. (in Russian)
National Export Strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan at August 26, 2017, №511, https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1700000511 (in Russian)
Naumov V, Zhiryaeva E, Naumov P. (2020). The Analysis of Customs Mirror Statistics of Foreign Trade of Russia, Represented by Time Series. Proceeding of the 26th Conference of Fruct Association. 611–616. Available from: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3748429.
Nurtayeva, Z. (2022). Analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators of milk production and processing at the enterprises of the Akmola region. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 16, 69–79. https://doi.org/10.5219/1720 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5219/1720
OECD (2023), Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2023, OECD Publishing, Paris. P. 103, 180. 35. OECD–FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019–2028 database (https://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?QueryId=91990&vh=0000&vf=0&l&il=&lang=en)
Pawlak K., Smutka L. (2022): Does Poland's agri-food industry gain comparative advantage in trade with non-EU countries? Evidence from the transatlantic market, PloS ONE, 2022; 17(9), e0274692. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274692
Pawlak K. (2022). Competitiveness of the E.U. Agri-Food Sector on the US Market: Worth Reviving Transatlantic Trade? Agriculture. 12(1): 23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12010023
Petrick, M., Oshakbaev, D., & Wandel, J. (2014). Kazakhstan's wheat, beef, and dairy sectors: An assessment of their development constraints and recent policy responseshttps:// doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.163932
Resource Cost of Foreign Exchange. Oxford Economic Papers, 47(4), 663–675. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2663548
Szczepaniak I. (2019). Changes in comparative advantages of the Polish food sector in world trade. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy. 14(3): 463–480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2019.022
Tazhibaev, S., Musabekov, K., Yesbolova, A., et al. (2014). Issues in the Development of the Livestock Sector in Kazakhstan, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,Vol 143, 2014, p. 610-614, ISSN 1877-0428, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.446 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.446
Toleugaliyeva, S., Zhunisbekova, G., Iskakova, M., (...), Bekenova, G., Umyrzakova, A. (2021), Assessment of factors affecting the competitiveness of dairy products in Kazakhstan and management its export, Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(1), p. 1-10 https://www.abacademies.org/articles/Assessment-of-factors-affecting-the-competitiveness-of-dairy-products-in-kazakhstan-and-management-its-export-1939-6104-20-1-668.pdf
Tonkonog O. (2023) Kazakhstan plans to export $300m worth of vegetable oils and fodder to China, but it needs to solve logistical problems. Kursiv Research, 18, 05. 2023, https://kz.kursiv.media/2023-05-18/lgtn-export-2/
Usloviya dostupa na rynok Kitaya i osobennosti regulirovaniya vneshneekonomicheskoj deyatel’nosti. – Astana: Kazakh Invest, 2017. – 85 s. (in Russian) https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vneshnyaya-torgovlya-kazahstana-sovremennye-tendentsii-i-osobennosti-eksporta
Zhussupov, Y., Tursumbayeva, M., Shokhan, R., Aimurzina, B., Kamenova, M., & Omarova, A. (2020). Main Directions of Increasing Competitiveness Considering Specificity of Agriculture and Its Sustainable Development. Journal Of Environmental Management and Tourism, 11(7), 1829-1840. https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.7(47).22 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.7(47).22
Yurik S, Pushkin N, Yurik V, Halík J, Smutka L. (2020). Analysis of Czech agricultural exports to Russia using mirror statistics. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review. 2020; 8(2): 27–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2020.080202
International Trade Center Trade Map (ITC Trade Map). 2019. Trade map database (https://www.trademap.org/Index.aspx).
TRADEMAPa (2023) List of products imported by China. International Trade Centre (ITC). https://www.trademap.org/Product_SelCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c156%7c%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7c%7c%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1
TRADEMAPb (2023) List of products exported by China. International Trade Centre (ITC). https://www.trademap.org/Product_SelCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c156%7c%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7c%7c%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1
TRADEMAPc (2023) Bilateral trade between Kazakhstan and China. International Trade Centre (ITC). https://www.trademap.org/Bilateral_TS.aspx?nvpm=5%7c398%7c%7c156%7c%7cTOTAL%7c%7c%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1
TRADEMAPd (2023) Export Potential Map. International Trade Centre (ITC). https://exportpotential.intracen.org/en/products/tree-map?fromMarker=i&exporter=398&toMarker=w&market=w&whatMarker=k
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Aizhan Ibyzhanova, Elvira Rustenova , Nazym Akhmetzhanova, Gulnar Talapbayeva, Zhanat Yerniyazova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The JEECAR journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright and publishing rights of their own manuscript without restrictions.
This journal applies the Creative Attribution Common License to works we publish, and allows reuse and remixing of its content, in accordance with a CC-BY 4.0 license.
Authors are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — The author may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
The JEECAR Journal is committed to the editorial principles of all aspects of publication ethics and publication malpractice as assigned by the Committee on Public Ethics.
