Financial statements’ reliability affects firms’ performance: A case of Vietnam

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v11i1.1432

Keywords:

firm performance, reliability, agency theory, stakeholder theory, Vietnam

Abstract

This paper aims to estimate the effect of the reliability of financial statements on listed firms’ performance in Vietnam, especially on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange, from 2015 to 2022. Based on International Financial Reporting Standards, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and theories, reliability is a key attribute of information quality in financial statements. Besides, using the quantitative method of feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), the findings show that reliability positively affects listed firms’ performance with a confidence interval of 95%. On the platform of agency theory, the reliability of financial statements is considered a tool to fulfill the duties and responsibilities of managers and the board of directors to external users, while stakeholder theory considers the advantages of the disclosure of reliable financial statements in terms of gaining performance.

Author Biographies

Trung Nguyen Kim Quoc, The University of Finance - Marketing, Vietnam

Trung Nguyen Kim Quoc, nkq.trung@ufm.edu.vn, corresponding author.

Van Tran Hong , University of Finance - Marketing, Vietnam

Van Tran Hong. Faculty of Accounting – Auditing; University of Finance – Marketing, Vietnam

Tuan Le Van, University of Finance – Marketing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Tuan Le Van, Faculty of Accounting – Auditing; University of Finance – Marketing, Vietnam

Hang Nguyen Minh, University of Finance - Marketing, Vietnam

Hang Nguyen Minh, Faculty of Accounting – Auditing; University of Finance – Marketing, Vietnam

Oanh Nguyen Thi Ngoc, University of Finance - Marketing, Vietnam

Oanh Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Faculty of Accounting – Auditing; University of Finance – Marketing, Vietnam

References

Abd-Elnaby, H., Abd-Elkareem, K., & Adel, H. (2021). The Impact of Financial Reporting Quality on Firm’s Financial Performance: Evidence from Egypt. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting Finance and Management Sciences, 11(1), 529–545. DOI:10.6007/IJARAFMS /v11-i1/7510 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v11-i1/7510

Adediran, S. A., Alade, S. O., & Oshode, A. A. (2013). Reliability of financial reporting and companies attribute: The Nigerian experience. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(16), 108–114. https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RJFA/article/viewFile/8291/8651

Aduralere Opeyemi, O. (2019). The impact of Firm Size on Firms Performance in Nigeria: A comparative study of selected firms in the Building Industry in Nigeria. Asian Development Policy Review, 7(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/ 10.18488/journal.107.2019.71.1.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2019.71.1.11

Akben Selçuk, E. (2016). Does firm age affect profitability? Evidence from Turkey. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting. 4(4). 53-59. https://doi.org/10.20472/es.2016.5.3.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20472/ES.2016.5.3.001

Akgün, A. İ. (2016a). Quality of the Financial Reporting within the IFRS: Research on Determining the Attitudes and Evaluations of Financial Information Users. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 69, 169–188. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.396670 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.396670

Akgün, A. İ. (2016b). The Reliability of Financial Reporting within Corporate Governance: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Accounting & Finance, 71. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.396709 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.396709

Alarussi, A. S., & Gao, X. (2021). Determinants of profitability in Chinese companies. International Journal of Emerging Markets, ahead-of-print. DOI:10.1108/IJOEM-04-2021-0539 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-04-2021-0539

Al-Dmour, A. (2018). The impact of the reliability of the accounting information system upon the business performance via the mediating role of the quality of financial reporting. The International Journal of Accounting and Business Society, 26(1), 78–111. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijabs.2018.26.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijabs.2018.26.1.5

Alesaaa, A. H. M. A., Al-Labanb, D. A. A., & AL-Hamzawic, A. A. R. (2020). Measuring the Reliability of Accounting Information and its role in Rationalising Investment Decisions and Improving the Value of a Company. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. 14(4). https://ijicc.net/index.php/volume-14-2020/201-vol-14-iss-4

Alhabsji, T., Rahayu, S. M., & Handayani, S. R. (2017). Effect of Growth, Liquidity, Business Risk and Asset Usage Activity, Toward Capital Structure, Financial Performance and Corporate Value (Study at Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2015). European Journal of Business and Management. 9(24). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234628008.pdf

Almoneef, A., & Samontaray, D. P. (2019). Corporate governance and firm performance in the Saudi banking industry. Banks and Bank Systems, 14(1), 147-158. doi:10.21511/bbs.14(1).2019.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(1).2019.13

Amahalu, N. (2020). Effect of audit quality on financial performance of quoted conglomerates in Nigeria. International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research, 2(4). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3704497

An, Y. (2015). Does foreign ownership increase financial reporting quality? Asian Academy of Management Journal, 20(2), 81. https://ejournal.usm.my/aamj/article/view/aamj_vol20-no-2-2015_4

Arcas-Pellicer, M.-J., Pina, V., & Torres, L. (2022). Corporate Governance and Reliability of Financial Reporting in Central Government Agencies. Revista de Contabilidad-Spanish Accounting Review, 25(1), 76–88. https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.401651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.401651

Arsenijević, A. (2020). The conservatism principle in modern financial reporting. Facta universitatis-economics and Organization, 17(4), 375–383. https://doi.org/10.22190/FUEO200723027A DOI: https://doi.org/10.22190/FUEO200723027A

Balachandran, S., & Mohanram, P. (2011). Is the decline in the value relevance of accounting driven by increased conservatism? Review of Accounting Studies, 16, 272–301. DOI:10.1007/s11142-010-9137-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-010-9137-0

Ball, R., & Shivakumar, L. (2006). The role of accruals in asymmetrically timely gain and loss recognition. Journal of Accounting Research, 44(2), 207–242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2006.00198.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2006.00198.x

Barth, M. E., Landsman, W. R., Lang, M., & Williams, C. (2012). Are IFRS-based and US GAAP-based accounting amounts comparable?. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 54(1), 68–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2012.03.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2012.03.001

Bukenya, M. (2014). Quality of accounting information and financial performance of Uganda’s public sector. American Journal of Research Communication, 2(5), 183–203. http://www.usa-journals.com/archives/volume-25/

Cetin, H. (2019). Inflation and bank profitability: G20 countries banks panel data analysis. Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Engineering, 168–172. DOI: 10.4236/ojapps.2020.1010044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3335550.3335574

Chambers, A. E., & Penman, S. H. (1984). Timeliness of reporting and the stock price reaction to earnings announcements. Journal of Accounting Research, 21–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490700 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2490700

Dang, R., Houanti, L., Reddy, K., & Simioni, M. (2020). Does board gender diversity influence firm profitability? A control function approach. Economic Modelling, 90, 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2012.07.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2020.05.009

Eduardo, M., Zhang, T., & Moore, B. C. (2002). The effect of the Enron collapse on investor perceptions of auditor independence and financial statement reliability. Available at SSRN 318727. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=318727

Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 57–74. https://doi.org/10.2307/258191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4279003

El-Dyasty, M. M., & Elamer, A. A. (2020). The effect of auditor type on audit quality in emerging markets: Evidence from Egypt. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 29(1), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-04-2020-0060 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-04-2020-0060

European Financial Reporting Advisory Group - EFRAG. (2013). Conceptual Framework bulletin on the reliability of financial information [Publication]. https://www.iasplus.com/en/publications/efrag-bulletins/reliability-of-financial-information

Evana, E., & Dewi, L. (2017). An Analysis of Factors Affecting Reliability of Financial Report. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 6(2), 375–392. https://buscompress.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34980536/riber6-2_29k17-046_375-392.pdf

Gaa, J. C. (2009). Corporate governance and the responsibility of the board of directors for strategic financial reporting. Journal of Business Ethics, 90(Suppl 2), 179–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0381-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0381-9

Givoly, D., & Hayn, C. (2000). The changing time-series properties of earnings, cash flows and accruals: Has financial reporting become more conservative? Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(3), 287–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(00)00024-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(00)00024-0

Hailegebreal, D. (2016). Macroeconomic and firm specific determinats of profitability of insurance industry in Ethiopia. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 16(C7), 37–46. https://journalofbusiness.org/index.php/GJMBR/article/view/2041

Hair Jr, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate Data Analysis, 3rd Edn New York. NY: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Hall, M., & Weiss, L. (1967). Firm size and profitability. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 49(3), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.2307/1926642 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1926642

Hang, N. T., & Thuy Linh, N. T. (2020). Factors affecting profitability of vietnamese real estate firms: Employing fixed effect and random effect model. Banking Science & Training Review, 223(12), 2020. https://hvnh.edu.vn/medias/tapchi/vi/12.2020/system/archivedate/13c7e1af_B%C3%A0i%20c%E1%BB%A7a%20Ng%C3%B4%20Th%E1%BB%8B%20H%E1%BA%B1ng,%20Nguy%E1%BB%85n%20Th%E1%BB%8B%20Th%C3%B9y%20Linh.pdf

Hasan, M. B., Islam, S. N., & Wahid, A. N. (2018). The effect of macroeconomic variables on the performance of non-life insurance companies in Bangladesh. Indian Economic Review, 53, 369–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41775-019-00037-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41775-019-00037-6

Ho, K.-C., Ma, J. Z., Yang, L., & Shi, L. (2019). Do anticorruption efforts affect banking system stability? The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 28(3), 277–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2018.1522661 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2018.1522661

Hoggett, J., Medlin, J., Chalmers, K., Beattie, C., Hellmann, A., & Maxfield, J. (2018). Financial accounting. Wiley.

Hossain, T. (2020). Determinants of profitability: A study on manufacturing companies listed on the Dhaka stock exchange. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 10(12), 1496–1508. DOI: 10.18488/journal.aefr.2020.1012.1496.1508 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2020.1012.1496.1508

Huff, K., & Delcoure, N. N. (2014). The Method of Choice for Reporting Comprehensive Income. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 1(2), 5–5. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v1i2.59 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v1i2.59

Inchausti, B. G. (1997). The influence of company characteristics and accounting regulation on information disclosed by Spanish firms. European Accounting Review, 6(1), 45–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/096381897336863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/096381897336863

Jianu, I., & Jianu, I. (2021). Reliability of financial information from the perspective of Benford’s law. Entropy, 23(5), 557. https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050557 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e23050557

Lee, C.-C., & Lee, C.-C. (2019). Oil price shocks and Chinese banking performance: Do country risks matter? Energy Economics, 77, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.01.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.01.010

Liu, Y. (2020). Firm size, firm age and firm profitability: Evidence from China [PhD Thesis]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12540/356

Luttmer, E. G. (2010). Models of firm heterogeneity and growth. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Working Papers, 678. http://www.minneapolisfed.org/research/WP/WP678.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124410

Masood, O., Ashraf, M., & Turen, S. (2015). Bank-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability: Evidence from Member States of the OIC. Journal of Islamic Financial Studies, 1(01). http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/JIFS/010104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12785/jifs/010104

Matar, A., Al-Rdaydeh, M., Al-Shannag, F., & Odeh, M. (2018). Factors affecting the corporate performance: Panel data analysis for listed firms in Jordan. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 22(6), 1–10. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/factors-affecting-the-corporate-performance-panel-data-analysis-for-listed-firms-in-jordan-7695.html

Michelon, G., & Parbonetti, A. (2012). The effect of corporate governance on sustainability disclosure. Journal of Management & Governance, 16(3), 477–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-010-9160-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-010-9160-3

Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., & Vining, G. G. (2021). Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis. Canada: John Wiley & Sons.

Nguyen T. T. T. (2021). FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF SMES IN BINH DINH PROVINCE. Industry and Trade Magazine, 21(9), 1–5.

O’brien, R. M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality & Quantity, 41, 673–690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-006-9018-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-006-9018-6

Omondi, M. M., & Muturi, W. (2013). Factors affecting the financial performance of listed companies at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(15), 99–104. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234629681.pdf

Pervan, M., Pervan, I., & Ćurak, M. (2019). Determinants of firm profitability in the Croatian manufacturing industry: Evidence from dynamic panel analysis. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 32(1), 968–981. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1583587 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1583587

Quoc Trung, N. K. (2021). Determinants of small and medium-sized enterprises performance: The evidence from Vietnam. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1), 1984626. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1984626 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1984626

Rahman, J. M., & Yilun, L. (2021). Firm size, firm age, and firm profitability: Evidence from China. Journal of Accounting, Business and Management, 28(1), 101–115. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3867566 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31966/jabminternational.v28i1.829

Ratner, B. (2009). The correlation coefficient: Its values range between+ 1/- 1, or do they? Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 17(2), 139–142. https://doi.org/10.1057/jt.2009.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jt.2009.5

Ripoll, L., & Matos, J. C. (2020). Information reliability: Criteria to identify misinformation in the digital environment. Investigación Bibliotecológica, 34(84), 79–101. https://doi.org/10.22201/iibi.24488321xe.2020.84.58115 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/iibi.24488321xe.2020.84.58115

Saif-Alyousfi, A. Y. (2022). Determinants of bank profitability: Evidence from 47 Asian countries. Journal of Economic Studies, 49(1), 44–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-05-2020-0215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-05-2020-0215

Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–226. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611

Shrestha, N. (2020). Detecting multicollinearity in regression analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 8(2), 39–42. DOI:10.12691/ajams-8-2-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12691/ajams-8-2-1

Shumway, T. (2001). Forecasting bankruptcy more accurately: A simple hazard model. The Journal of Business, 74(1), 101–124. https://doi.org/10.1086/209665 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/209665

Socea, A.-D. (2012). Managerial decision-making and financial accounting information. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.977. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.977

Toader, T., Onofrei, M., Popescu, A.-I., & Andrieș, A. M. (2018). Corruption and banking stability: Evidence from emerging economies. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(3), 591–617. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2017.1411257 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2017.1411257

Tontiset, N., & Kaiwinit, S. (2018). The factors affecting financial reporting reliability: An empirical research of public listed companies in Thailand. Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing, 14(6), 291–304. doi: 10.17265/1548-6583/2018.06.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17265/1548-6583/2018.06.001

Yadav, I. S., Pahi, D., & Gangakhedkar, R. (2021). The nexus between firm size, growth and profitability: New panel data evidence from Asia–Pacific markets. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 31(1), 115–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-03-2021-0077 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-03-2021-0077

Zahid, R. M. A., Khan, M. K., Anwar, W., & Maqsood, U. S. (2022). The role of audit quality in the ESG-corporate financial performance nexus: Empirical evidence from Western European companies. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22, S200–S212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.08.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.08.011

Zhong, Y., & Li, W. (2017). Accounting conservatism: A literature review. Australian Accounting Review, 27(2), 195–213. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12107 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12107

Published

2024-02-10

How to Cite

Kim Quoc, T. N., Tran Hong , V., Le Van, T., Minh, H. N., & Nguyen Thi Ngoc, O. (2024). Financial statements’ reliability affects firms’ performance: A case of Vietnam. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 11(1), 143–155. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v11i1.1432